The sun in the Bible represents the Lord, with its heat representing his love and its light representing his wisdom. “Daytime,” then, represents a state in which we are turned toward the Lord, receiving his love and being enlightened by his truth. And “nighttime,” obviously, represents a state in which we are turned away from the Lord, left cold and blind to the truth. The most common word used for this in Swedenborg is “obscurity.”
The darkness is not absolute, of course. Swedenborg tells us that the light of the moon represents the understanding we can have based on facts and our own intelligence. But while the moon reflects some of the sun’s light, it offers almost no heat, so this kind of understanding is a cold one, without the warmth of love.
And at its darkest and coldest, night represents a state of judgment. This happens when a person – or a church – becomes so mired in evil and falsity that there is no light or heat. The Lord can then step in, separate the good from the evil, consign the evil to hell and begin rebuilding based on the remnant that is still good.
Drastic as that sounds, it is something that we all go through repeatedly in various aspects of our loves, so that we can be rid of what is evil and let the Lord rebuild us as angels.
Passages from Swedenborg:
Arcana Coelestia (Elliott) n. 862
- That ‘it happened at the end of forty days’ means the duration of the former state, and the beginning of the one that followed, is clear from the meaning of ‘forty’, see 730, where, the subject being temptation, the phrase ‘forty days and forty nights’ was used, which meant the duration of temptation. Here, since the subject is the state following temptation, ‘forty days’ is mentioned but not forty nights. The reason is that charity now starts to appear, which in the Word is compared to the day and is called the day. Faith however which precedes but has not yet been so joined to charity is compared to the night and is called the night, as in Chapter 1:16, and elsewhere in the Word. Faith is also called ‘the night’ in the Word because it receives its light from charity, just as the moon does from the sun. Faith is therefore also compared to the moon and is called the moon; and love or charity is compared to the sun and is called the sun. ‘Forty days’, or the duration of time meant by them, refers both to the things that precede and to those that follow; hence the statement ‘at the end of forty days’, which accordingly means both the duration of the previous state, and the beginning of the one being described now. This then begins the description of the second state following temptation of the member of this Church.
Arcana Coelestia (Elliott) n. 1712
- That ‘he divided himself against them by night’ means the shade which the apparent goods and truths were in is clear from the meaning of ‘night’ as a state of shade. It is called a state of shade when a person does not know whether good and truth are apparent or genuine. While a person is limited to apparent good and truth he imagines that these are genuine good and truth. It is the evil and falsity present in apparent good and truth that produce the shade and cause them to be seen as genuine. What else can people who are in ignorance know than that the good they do is their own, and that the truth they think is their own? The same applies to people who ascribe the good deeds they do to themselves and place merit in them, unaware of the fact that in this case those deeds are not good though they appear to be so, and that the proprium and the self-merit they place in them are evils and falsities that cause obscurity and darkness. And the same applies in many other instances.
[2] What evil and falsity are like, and how much evil and falsity lie concealed in such deeds, cannot possibly be seen so clearly in the life of the body as in the next life, where these are presented to view altogether as in broad daylight. But it is different if a person acts out of ignorance that has not been confirmed, for in that case those evils and falsities are easily dispersed. But if people confirm themselves in the notion that they are able to do good and to withstand evil by their own powers, and that thus they merit salvation, such a notion remains attached, and causes the good to be evil, and the truth to be falsity. Yet for all this, order requires that a person should do good as though from himself, and ought not therefore to stay his hand and think to himself, ‘If I am unable to do anything good at all from myself I must wait for immediate influx’ and so remain inactive. This is also contrary to order. Man ought to do good as though from himself; but when he stops to reflect on the good he is doing or has done, let him think, acknowledge, and believe that the Lord present with him has accomplished it.
[3] If by thinking as described he gives up acting as of himself he is not a subject into whom the Lord can operate. The Lord cannot flow into anyone who deprives himself of everything into which power has to be introduced. He is like someone who is not willing to learn anything except through a revelation made to him; or like someone who is not willing to teach anything unless the words are put into his mouth; or like someone who is unwilling to attempt anything unless he is directed as one without a will. But if this were done he would be more indignant still at being like an inanimate object. In fact however that which is animated by the Lord in a person is the very thing which makes it seem as though it were from himself. That man does not live from himself is an eternal truth; yet if he did not appear to do so he could not possibly live at all.
Arcana Coelestia (Elliott) n. 2353
- ‘In the night’ means the final period when these two are acknowledged no longer. This is clear from the meaning of ‘the night’ as a time of darkness when the things of light are seen no longer. The angels did not come in the night but at evening time, but because it was the men of Sodom who spoke and cried out, that is, those who are immersed in falsity and evil, the expression used is not ‘in the evening’ but ‘in the night’. For ‘night’ in the Word means the period of time and the state when the light of truth exists no longer, but merely falsity and evil, and so is the final period when judgement takes place.
[2] This meaning is met in other places, as in Micah,
Against the prophets who lead the people astray: It is night for you instead of vision, and darkness for you instead of divination, and the sun is setting upon the prophets and the day is becoming black over them. Micah 3:5, 6.
‘The prophets’ here stands for those who teach falsities. ‘Night’, ‘darkness’, ‘sunset’, and ‘the day becoming black’ stand for falsities and evils.
[3] In John,
If anyone walks in the day he does not stumble; but if anyone walks in the night he stumbles because the light is not in him. John 11:9, 10.
Here ‘night’ stands for falsity deriving from evil. ‘The light’ stands for truth deriving from good, for just as all the light of truth derives from good, so all the night of falsity does so from evil.
[4] In the same gospel,
I must work the works of Him who sent Me while it is day; night is coming when nobody can work. John 9:4.
‘Day’ stands for the period of time and the state when good and truth are present, but ‘night’ when evil and falsity are present.
[5] In Luke,
I tell you, in that night there will be two upon one bed; one will be taken, the other left. Luke 17:34.
Here ‘night’ stands for the final period when the truth of faith is no more.
[6] When the children of Israel were going out of Egypt they were commanded ‘to go out at midnight’, because in this way the vastation of good and truth inside the Church was represented, and also that nothing except falsity and evil reigned there any longer, Exod. 11:4. And when they did, all the firstborn of Egypt were slain at midnight, Exod. 12:12, 29, 30. Now because those with whom good and truth are present, who were represented by the children of Israel, are watched over when, like Lot in Sodom, they are among falsities and evils, that night is described in reference to them as ‘the night when Jehovah kept watch’, Exod. 12:42.
Arcana Coelestia (Elliott) n. 5092
- ‘Each his dream in one night’ means regarding what the outcome would be, which to them lay in obscurity. This is clear from the meaning of ‘a dream’ as foresight and consequent foretelling – and because a foretelling is meant, so also is the outcome, it being the outcome that is foretold; and from the meaning of ‘night’ as obscurity. In the spiritual sense ‘night’ means a state of shade brought about through falsity that is the product of evil, 1712, 2353, and so also obscurity, that is to say, mental obscurity. The obscurity belonging to night in the world is natural obscurity, but the obscurity belonging to night in the next life is spiritual obscurity. Natural obscurity comes about because the sun of the world is absent and the light received from it is lost, whereas spiritual obscurity comes about because heaven’s sun, which is the Lord, is absent and the light, that is, intelligence received from it, is lost. This latter loss does not arise because the sun of heaven sets as the sun of the world does, but because a person or a spirit is living amid falsity that is the product of evil. He himself moves away from that sun and brings obscurity to himself.
[2] An idea simply of night and of the obscurity that comes with it is sufficient to enable one to see how the spiritual sense and the natural sense of something are related to each other. Furthermore there are three kinds of spiritual obscurity – the first being that which is due to falsity that is a product of evil; the second being that which is due to ignorance of the truth; and the third being the obscurity in which exterior things dwell, compared with interior ones, and so the obscurity in which ideas formed by the senses and present in the external man dwell, compared with the rational concepts present in the internal man. All three kinds of obscurity arise however because the light of heaven, or intelligence and wisdom flowing from the Lord, is not received. This light shines unceasingly, but falsity that is a product of evil either rejects, smothers, or else perverts it; ignorance of truth receives only a little; while ideas formed by the senses that are present in the external man reduce it to a dim light by making it a general or ordinary one.
Arcana Coelestia (Elliott) n. 6000
- ‘And God spoke to Israel in visions of the night’ means obscure revelation. This is clear from the meaning of ‘God spoke in visions’ as revelation. For revelations were made either by means of dreams, or by night visions, or by daytime visions, or by utterances made within a person, or by utterances made outside him by angels who had become visible, as well as by utterances made outside by angels who had not become visible. Various kinds of revelation are meant in the Word by all these. ‘A vision of the night’ means revelation that is obscure, since ‘night’ means obscurity, 1712, 2514, and in the spiritual sense obscurity implies that truth is not visible. In the Word ‘night’ also means falsity due to evil; for people who because of evil are subject to falsity dwell in the obscurity of night, which is why all in hell are said to be in night. Those in hell do, it is true, have an inferior kind of light, for they see one another; but that light is like the light emitted by a coal fire, which is turned into darkness and pitch darkness when heavenly light flows in. This is why the inhabitants of hell are said to be in night and are called angels of the night and darkness, whereas the inhabitants of heaven are called angels of the day and light.
[2] The meaning of ‘the night’ as obscurity and also falsity may be seen in addition from the following places in the Word: In John,
Jesus said, Are there not twelve hours in the day? If anyone walks in the day he does not stumble. But if anyone walks in the night he stumbles, because the light is not in him. John 11:9, 10.
‘Twelve hours’ stands for all states of truth. ‘Walking in the day’ stands for living in the truth, and ‘walking in the night’ for living in falsity.
[3] In the same gospel,
I must work the works of Him who sent Me while it is day; night is coming when nobody will be able to work. John 9:4.
‘Day’ stands for truth coming from good, and ‘night’ for falsity coming from evil. The first period of the Church is what is meant by ‘day’, for at this time truth is entertained by people because they are governed by good. But the final period of the Church is what is meant by ‘night’, for at that time no truth at all is entertained by its members, because they are not governed by good; and when someone is not governed by good, that is, by charity towards the neighbour, then even if told perfect truths he does not entertain them. In this situation there is no perception at all of what truth is, because the light of truth falls on matters of a bodily and worldly nature, to which alone such people give their attention and which alone they love and consider to have any reality. It does not fall on things of a heavenly nature because they are considered to be of little or no value at all compared with other things. Consequently the light of truth is swallowed up by and snuffed out in what is a mass of thick darkness, like sunlight falling on an object that is black. This is what is meant by ‘night is coming when nobody will be able to work’; and the situation is like this at the present day.
[4] In Matthew,
While the bridegroom was tarrying all the virgins were drowsy and went to sleep. But at midnight there was a shout, Behold, the bridegroom is coming. Matt. 25:5-7.
‘Midnight’ too stands for the final period of the old Church when no faith at all exists because no charity at all does so, and also for the first period of the new Church. In Luke,
I tell you, in that night there will be two upon one bed; one will be taken, the other left. Luke 17:34.
‘Night’ in the same way here stands for the final period of the old Church, and the first of the new.
[5] In Matthew,
Jesus said to the disciples, All of you will be made to stumble [by sinning] against Me this night. And to Peter, This night, before the cock crows, you will deny Me three times. Matt. 26:31, 34.
The Lord allowed Himself to be arrested at night, and this was a sign that Divine Truth dwelt for them in the obscurity of night and that falsity springing from evil existed in place of it. Peter’s denial of the Lord three times that night also represented the final period of the Church when the truth of faith is indeed taught, but no one believes it. This final period is ‘night’ because at this time people utterly deny the Lord in their hearts. For like the twelve tribes of Israel, the twelve apostles represented all the aspects of faith, 577, 2089, 2129 (end), 2130 (end), 3272, 3354, 3488, 3858, 3913, 3926, 3939, 4060; and Peter represented the faith of the Church, see Preface to Genesis 18, also Preface to Genesis 22, as well as 3750, 4738. So it was that the Lord said to Peter that he would deny Him three times that night, and to the disciples, ‘All of you will be made to stumble [by sinning] against Me this night’.
[6] In Isaiah,
One was calling to me from Seir, Watchman, what of the night? Watchman, what of the night? The watchman said, Morning comes, and also the night.
This refers to the Coming of the Lord, which is ‘morning’. That Coming took place when spiritual truth existed no longer on earth, which is ‘the night’.
[7] In Zechariah,
There will be one day, which is known to Jehovah, not day nor night, because around evening time there will be light. It will happen, that on that day living waters will go out from Jerusalem. And Jehovah will be King over all the earth; on that day there will be one Jehovah, and His name one. Zech. 14:7-9.
This too refers to the Lord, and also to a new Church. The prophecy that Jehovah, who will be King, will be one and that His name will be one refers to the Lord’s Divine Human, which will be one with the Divine Himself, called the Father. Prior to the Lord’s Coming the Divine Human was Jehovah in the heavens; for it was by His passing through the heavens that He presented Himself as a Divine Person before the eyes of many on earth. In those times the Divine Human was not so much one with the Divine Himself, called the Father, as when the Lord had made the Divine Human within Himself completely one with the Father. Prior to His Coming the two were seemingly distinct and separate, as is evident from Gen. 19:24, where it says that Jehovah rained on Sodom and Gomorrah brimstone and fire from* Jehovah out of heaven, 2447. A day when it will be ‘not day nor night’ is the time when the Lord was born, for then it was ‘evening’, that is, when representatives in the Church came to an end. ‘Light around evening time’ is Divine Truth which is to appear then.
[8] In Isaiah,
Surely at night Ar has been laid waste, Moab has been cut off; surely at night Kir of Moab has been laid waste. Isa. 15:1.
‘Moab’ stands for natural good, and in the contrary sense for adulterated good, 2468; in this text a laying waste of that good is referred to. Acts of laying waste are said to happen at night because they are occasions when truth is rendered obscure and falsity enters in. In Jeremiah,
The great city will weep bitterly in the night, and her tears are on her cheeks. Lam. 1:2.
This refers to a desolation of truth, ‘night’ standing for falsity.
[9] In David,
You will not be afraid of the terror of the night, of the arrow that flies by day, nor of the death that lays waste at noonday. Ps. 91:5, 6.
‘The terror of the night’ stands for falsities arising from evil that come from hell. ‘The arrow that flies by day’ stands for falsity that is taught openly and is destructive of good. ‘The death that lays waste at noonday’ is evil that is openly practised in life and is destructive of good. In John,
The gates of the holy Jerusalem will not be shut by day, for there is no night there. Rev. 21:25.
There will be no night there, nor do they need a lamp or light of the sun, for the Lord God gives them light. Rev. 22:5.
‘There will be no night there’ stands for no falsity there. In Daniel,
Daniel said, I saw in my vision when it was night. After this also I saw in visions of the night. Dan. 7:2, 7.
‘Visions of the night’ also stands for obscure revelation; for that chapter in Daniel describes four beasts and their horns, and gives many details belonging to revelation that was obscure. Something similar is involved with the different coloured horses that Zechariah saw at night, Zech. 1:8 and following verses.
Arcana Coelestia (Elliott) n. 7776
- ‘About midnight’ means when vastation is completed. This is clear from the meaning of ‘midnight’ as the time of thickest darkness, that is, utter falsity. For ‘night’ means a state of falsity, 2353, 6000, and ‘the middle’ of it is the peak, so that ‘midnight’ is when vastation is completed.
Arcana Coelestia (Elliott) n. 7870
- ‘On that night’ means their state – a state of evil. This is clear from the meaning of ‘night’ as a state when there is nothing but evil and falsity. For night describes the opposite of day and thick darkness the opposite of [clear] light, and ‘day’ and ‘[clear] light’ mean a state in which truth and good reign. This being so, ‘night’ also means the last phase of the Church, for at that time falsities and evils reign because there is no faith or charity, see 2353, 6000. In addition ‘night’ means when vastation is completed, 7776, and also damnation, 7851. From all this it is evident that the state of those who are in hell is called ‘night’. Not that the thick darkness of night envelops them, for they can see one another. But since the state of truth and good which exists in heaven is called ‘day’, the state of falsity and evil is called ‘night’. Also thick darkness exists in hell when any light at all from heaven flows into it; for then the inferior light which they see by is reduced to nothing and becomes thick darkness.
[2] The source of the inferior light they see by is, it is true, light from the Lord coming through heaven; for in the next life no light comes from anywhere else. But among those in hell that light from Him enters by way of the ability to understand what is true. The ability enabling them to understand remains with them, as it does with every human being, however much they may be steeped in evil or falsity. But when that heavenly light passes on into their will – that is to say, into unwillingness to understand – and consequently passes into the evil and falsity that reside with them, the heavenly light is turned for them into inferior light resembling that emitted from a coal fire. And, as has been stated, that inferior light is converted into utterly thick darkness by the light of heaven when this flows into it. Regarding the inferior light in hell, its being like that emitted from a coal fire, see 1528, 3340, 4418, 4571; and regarding its conversion into thick darkness at the presence of the light of heaven, 1783, 3412, 4533, 5057, 5058, 6000. From all this it may be recognized that in the next life the kind of light each one has depends on whether his ability to understand is furnished with truths springing from good or with falsities arising from evil.
Arcana Coelestia (Elliott) n. 8199
- ‘The whole night’ means in the state of obscurity. This is clear from the meaning of ‘night’ as a state of obscurity so far as the truth and good of faith are concerned, dealt with in 1712, 6000. Here ‘night’ is used to mean the obscurity immediately following temptations, for those who are delivered from them pass into obscurity first before moving on into clearness. The falsities and evils that were introduced by the hells still cling to them for quite some time and are dissipated only gradually.
Apocalypse Explained (Tansley) n. 401
[21] In David:
“Jehovah, who made the heavens by his intelligence, hath stretched out the earth upon the waters. He hath made great luminaries; the sun to rule by day; the moon and stars to rule by night. He hath smitten Egypt in their first-born; and hath brought out Israel from their midst” (Ps. cxxxvi. 5-11).
He who knows nothing of the spiritual sense of the Word, must hold that these words involve nothing but what appears in the sense of the letter; but yet each particular involves such things as relate to angelic wisdom, these being all things Divine, celestial, and spiritual. The new creation or regeneration of the men of the church, of whom the church [is formed] is thereby described. By the heavens which [Jehovah] hath made by His intelligence, are signified the internal things of the men of the church, which, in one expression, are called the spiritual man, where intelligence resides, and where their heaven is. By the earth which He hath stretched out upon the waters, is signified the external of the church, which, in one expression, is called the natural man. It is here said to be stretched out upon the waters, because therein are the truths by which he is regenerated, waters denoting truths. By the great luminaries, the sun, the moon, and the stars, are signified the good of love, the truth from that good, and the knowledges of good and truth – by the sun, the good of love; by the moon, the truth from that good; and by the stars, the knowledges (cognitions) of good and truth. The reason why it is said that the sun was made to rule by day, is that the day signifies the light of the spiritual man, for it has enlightenment and perception from the good of love; and the reason why it is said that the moon and the stars were made to rule by night, is that the night signifies the light of the natural man, for the light of this is to the light of the spiritual man, comparatively as the light of the night from the moon and the stars, to the light of the day from the sun.